高合金 (HEAs) 的发展:当前趋势
1School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
Heliyon
|May 1, 2024
概括
高合金 (HEAs) 是由多个主要元素组成的新材料. 本综述探讨了它们的形成,性质和各种类型,强调了其关键的金效应.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 金工业是金工业的一个方面.
- 固态化学 固态化学
背景情况:
- 高合金 (HEAs) 代表了合金设计的范式转变,超越了传统的单一主元素系统.
- 这些合金的特点是含有多个主要元素的近等极度,导致高配置.
研究的目的:
- 提供对高合金 (HEAs) 的全面审查.
- 阐明HEA形成的基本原则,包括和相形成规则的作用.
- 讨论各种类型的HEAs及其相关的微观结构和机械性能.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和综合发表的关于高合金的研究.
- 讨论与HEA相关的物理金概念,例如高效应,格子扭曲和缓慢扩散.
- 根据其组成和微观结构对不同类型的HEA进行分类和分析.
主要成果:
- 在高温气体中单相固体溶液的形成受特定的参数和相形成规则的影响.
- 关键的物理金效应,包括高效应,严重的格子扭曲,缓慢的扩散和尾酒效应,显著影响HEA行为.
- 各种HEA类别,包括轻质,纳米沉,超细粒度,双相和TRIP/TWIN HEAs,具有不同的微观结构特征和机械性能.
结论:
- 高合金为开发具有定制性质的先进材料提供了一个有前途的途径.
- 了解组成,微观结构和处理之间的相互作用对于优化HEA性能至关重要.
- 对机械合金和微结构进化的进一步研究将释放HEAs的全部潜力.
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