在沙的沿海环境中检测海底海拔变化,使用低成本的开源工具
Jacob L Vincent1, Alicia M Wilson1
1School of the Earth, Ocean and Environment at the University of South Carolina, 701 Sumter Street, EWS 617, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
HardwareX
|May 1, 2024
概括
研究人员开发了负担得起的,开源的沉积物水平记录器,以精确测量沉积物-水界面变化. 这项技术改善了沿海环境监测和海底地下水排放的建模.
科学领域:
- 沿海工程 沿海工程
- 海洋地质科学 海洋地质科学
- 环境监测 环境监测
背景情况:
- 沉积物侵蚀和沉积动态对于工程,海洋科学和环境管理至关重要.
- 沉积物-水界面的精确时间序列数据至关重要,但在沿海海洋环境中很难获得.
研究的目的:
- 开发经济和开源的沉积物水平记录器,用于精确的沉积物-水接口测量.
- 评估记录器在了解孔水流和改进海底地下水排放模型方面的实用性.
主要方法:
- 设计和建造了使用微控制器 (Circuit-Python/Arduino),光电阻和防水外的沉积物水平记录器.
- 在南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿附近的沿海沉积物中部署了带有温度传感器的记录器,使用热量作为孔水流量追踪器.
- 集成日志仪数据可准确确定相对于沉积物-水界面的传感器深度.
主要成果:
- 在记录沉积物-水界面高度时间序列数据时,达到厘米级准确度.
- 证明日志记录器数据改善了海底地下水排放建模,将根平均平方误差降低了高达25%.
- 伐木机证明了在具有挑战性的沿海环境中长期部署的稳健性.
结论:
- 经济,开源的沉积物水平记录器为沿海沉积物动态提供了准确的长期数据.
- 这项技术增强了对孔水流的理解,并提高了环境模型的准确性.
- 开发的采伐机具有多功能性,易于部署,适合各种海洋研究应用.
相关概念视频
01:17Common Leveling Mistakes and Errors
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A survey team is tasked with determining the elevation difference between points Point A and Point B, separated by uneven terrain. They use a leveling instrument and a leveling rod.Common MistakesMisreading the Rod: During a backsight reading at Point A, the instrumentman observes the rod partially obscured by tall grass. Instead of reading 1.135 m, they mistakenly record 1.735 m due to the misalignment of the crosshair with the wrong graduation. This error adds 0.600 m to all subsequent...
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01:26Introduction and Methods of Leveling
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Leveling is a surveying procedure used to determine elevation differences between distant points. Elevation refers to the vertical distance above or below a reference datum, typically mean sea level (MSL). In the United States, elevations are often referenced to the mean sea level station at Father Point Rimouski along the St. Lawrence Seaway. To make the datum accessible, permanent markers are established throughout the region. These markers, called benchmarks, have known elevations. If the...
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01:19Design Example: Maintaining Level of an Embankment
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Constructing a roadway embankment over uneven terrain requires precise leveling to ensure stability and proper drainage. Surveyors use a leveling instrument and staff to calculate ground elevations and determine the required fill material at each point along the embankment alignment.The process begins by positioning a leveling instrument near a benchmark with a known elevation. A backsight reading establishes the instrument height, which serves as a reference for subsequent measurements. A...
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01:18Leveling Equipment
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As leveling involves measuring vertical distances relative to a horizontal line of sight, it requires a graduated rod, called a level rod, for vertical measurements and an instrument called a level for a horizontal sight line. A level includes a high-powered telescope with a mechanism for leveling to ensure the line of sight is horizontal when the bubble in the spirit level is centered. Leveling rods, made of wood, metal, or fiberglass, are graduated in feet or meters and commonly used in two-...
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01:12Differential Leveling
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Differential leveling is a precise method in surveying used to determine the elevation difference between two points. Its primary goal is to establish accurate vertical measurements to create level surfaces or grade lines critical for designing and constructing infrastructures such as roads, bridges, and buildings.The procedure for differential leveling begins with setting up and leveling the instrument at a point where the benchmark can be seen. The level rod is held on the benchmark (BM), and...
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01:30Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments
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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over short...
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