通过生态理论的透视来量化农场的可持续性
Jonathan Storkey1, Chloe Maclaren1,2, James M Bullock3
1Protecting Crops and the Environment, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK.
概括
可持续的农业实践对于环境健康和粮食安全至关重要. 本研究确定了五个生态原则,以指导开发评估农场可持续性的客观指标,并促进农业生态方法.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 绿色革命虽然增加了粮食生产,但也导致了环境退化,威胁到农业的长期可持续性.
- 这些问题包括传粉者丧失,农药耐药性,土壤健康状况下降以及气候变化脆弱性.
- 农业生态学和保护农业等多样化的农业方法旨在实现可持续性,但受到术语混的困扰.
研究的目的:
- 建立评估替代农业系统的客观标准.
- 通过多种生态和农业成果量化农场的可持续性.
- 解决阻碍采用可持续农业的词源混的问题.
主要方法:
- 审查了解释农田生态系统服务的生态理论.
- 根据生态理论确定了管理变革的指导原则.
- 选择的系统指标作为农业生态系统功能的代理.
主要成果:
- 确定了可持续农业的五个关键生态原则:提供息地,增加多样性,增强边缘密度,改善营养使用和尽量减少干扰.
- 相关的系统指标是根据已发表的知识来选择的,以作为农业生态系统功能的代理.
- 建立了一个关于可持续性评估框架指标的共识基础.
结论:
- 生态理论为开发评估农场可持续性的指标提供了一个强大的框架.
- 确定的原则和指标可以指导向更可持续和更有弹性农业系统的过渡.
- 需要进一步验证农场规模数据来支持这些生态原则和指标.
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