解码长非编码RNA:癌症发展中的朋友和敌人 (评论)
Hequn Song1, Joseph Adu-Amankwaah2, Qizhong Zhao3
1First Clinical Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China.
International journal of oncology
|May 2, 2024
概括
长非编码RNAs (lncRNAs) 是癌症发展和进展的关键调节者. 本综述强调了它们作为个性化癌症医学的诊断标记物和治疗点的多样化作用和潜力.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 由于高死亡率和低治愈率,癌症带来了重大挑战.
- 长非编码RNAs (lncRNAs) 在调节癌细胞增殖和迁移方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- lncRNAs在瘤学中具有作为治疗点和预后标记物的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 在前五种癌症类型中全面审查 lncRNAs 的分子机制.
- 阐明 lncRNAs 在各种癌症中具有独特的致癌或瘤抑制作用.
- 为诊断和治疗应用识别具有异常或组织特异表达的lncRNA.
主要方法:
- 综合文献综述,重点关注 lncRNA 参与癌症.
- 对癌症发病和进展中 lncRNA 功能的基础分子机制的分析.
- 在不同类型的癌症中检查lncRNA表达模式.
主要成果:
- lncRNAs表现出多样化的作用,作为瘤基因或瘤抑制剂,其中一些表现出上下文依赖的功能.
- 异常表达的lncRNA被确定为癌症查和诊断的潜在生物标志物.
- 组织特异性lncRNA因其在特定癌症类型中的特殊作用而被突出.
结论:
- lncRNAs是癌症生物学不可或缺的组成部分,为向治疗和个性化医学提供了新的途径.
- 了解 lncRNA 网络为开发创新的癌症治疗提供了基础.
- 对lncRNA机制的进一步研究可以推进癌症诊断,预后和治疗策略.
相关概念视频
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.6K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.6K
Types of RNA
5.8K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
5.8K
MicroRNAs
3.0K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.0K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons
11.5K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
11.5K
RNA Splicing
56.3K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
56.3K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
3.8K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.8K


