在老鼠的阿尔法病毒脑炎期间,外周血液单核细胞的表型和转录变化
Benjamin H Nguyen1, Maggie L Bartlett1, Elizabeth M Troisi1
1W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
mBio
|May 2, 2024
概括
辛德比斯病毒感染改变了小鼠血液和大脑中的免疫细胞. 这项研究揭示了T细胞和B细胞的动态变化,为病毒性脑膜炎的发病和人类感染的并发提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 在小鼠模型中Sindbis病毒 (SINV) 感染.由α病毒诱导的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 脑膜炎.
- 人类病毒感染研究往往分析血液细胞,在小鼠模型中较少评估的一个区块.
- 弥合这一差距对于理解病毒病原和宿主反应至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述SINV感染小鼠外周血液单核细胞 (PBMC) 的转录组和表型变化.
- 为了比较病毒性脑膜炎期间血液和中枢神经系统中的免疫细胞动态.
- 通过检查可访问的外周血液来为人类病毒感染研究的分析提供信息.
主要方法:
- 单细胞RNA测序 (scRNAseq) 用于分析PBMC中的基因表达.
- 流细胞计测用于评估血液和中枢神经系统中的细胞表型和组成.
- 在感染后14天内对免疫细胞群的纵向分析.
主要成果:
- scRNAseq在PBMC中发现了21个群,注意到B细胞的增加和CD8T细胞的基因表达变化 (化学作用,增殖).
- 流细胞测量显示,PBMC中CD8和Th1 CD4 T细胞增加,B细胞变化过渡,激活B细胞增加.
- 血液和中枢神经系统都显示了CD8 T细胞,Th1 CD4 T细胞和天真/Ly6a+ B细胞的积累,CCL5被确定为差异表达的化学因子.
结论:
- 在SINV诱导脑筋炎期间,外周血液和中枢神经系统都会发生动态免疫细胞变化.
- 周围血液分析为病毒中枢神经系统感染期间宿主反应提供了宝贵的见解.
- 这些发现增强了小鼠模型在研究人类病毒性脑膜炎方面的相关性.
相关概念视频
01:25Arboviral Encephalitis
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
01:19Encephalitis l: Introduction
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
01:26Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...