在加沙巴勒斯坦人口中减少非传染性疾病:参与性比较和成本效益建模评估
Sanjay Basu1,2, John S Yudkin3, Mohammed Jawad4
1Center for Vulnerable Populations, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
PLOS global public health
|May 2, 2024
概括
加沙的公共卫生干预措施,包括禁烟和癌症查,可以有效减少疾病负担. 一些具有成本效益的策略,如喘治疗和营养运动,符合改善健康结果的可接受经济门.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 在加沙是一个重大的健康挑战.
- 包括烟草使用,高血压,糖尿病和呼吸系统疾病在内的NCD风险因素的高患病率需要有针对性的干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 评估潜在的公共卫生和医疗保健干预措施的有效性和成本效益,以减少加沙的NCD风险.
- 确定在巴勒斯坦背景下具有影响力和经济可行性的干预措施.
主要方法:
- 通过对加沙4576名成年人 (≥40岁) 的家庭调查,开发了一种微模拟模型.
- 一个经过修改的德尔菲过程确定了可行的干预措施,成本和有效性数据适应了加沙的背景.
- 干预措施的评估是基于其相对于巴勒斯坦人均GDP的增量成本效益比率 (ICER).
主要成果:
- 该研究确定了几种具有成本效益的干预措施,以减少加沙的NCD风险.
- 有效的干预措施,ICERs低于每日10.992美元,包括禁烟,喘治疗,乳腺和结直肠癌治疗,营养运动和乳房扫描.
- 禁烟是最具成本效益的,每日34美元的ICER被避免.
结论:
- 尽管加沙的NCD风险因素很高,但多项干预措施表明,在既定的成本效益值内,有潜力大幅减少DALY.
- 公共卫生战略,包括政策变化 (禁烟) 和有针对性的治疗 (癌症,喘),为改善人口健康提供了可行的途径.
- 投资于具有成本效益的NCD干预措施对于减轻疾病负担和改善加沙人口的健康结果至关重要.
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