撒哈拉以南非洲的高血压:目前的形象,最近的进展,差距和优先事项
Lebo F Gafane-Matemane1,2, Ashleigh Craig3, Ruan Kruger4,5
1Hypertension in Africa Research Team, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa. lebo.gafane@nwu.ac.za.
Journal of human hypertension
|May 2, 2024
概括
在撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 高血压正在上升,控制不良. 社区卫生工作者在改善高血压管理的护理和药物服药能力方面表现有前途.
科学领域:
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 面临着高血压和日益增加的高血压负担.
- 在整个地区,高血压的检测,治疗和控制率仍然低于最佳水平.
- 最近的报告强调,急需在SSA中制定有效的高血压管理策略.
研究的目的:
- 审查SSA中高血压的流行率和负担.
- 总结最近基于社区的高血压管理策略及其结果.
- 概述突出的风险因素和SSA中高血压的潜在病理生理机制.
主要方法:
- 2017-2023年间出版的文学作品的叙事综述.
- 对高血压患病率,风险因素和SSA的管理策略的数据分析.
- 包括最近关于病理生理机制和生物标志物研究的发现.
主要成果:
- 大多数SSA国家报告了高血压流行数据,尽管研究存在局限性.
- 涉及社区卫生工作者的任务转移模型改善了医疗保健联系和药物坚持.
- 随着时间的推移,随着任务的转移,观察到对降低血压 (BP) 的不一致影响.
- 关键的危险因素包括饮食,生活方式,肥胖,年龄,教育,收入和心理社会因素.
- 最近的数据揭示了诸如盐处理,内皮功能,血压下降和艾滋病毒的作用等机制.
结论:
- 在高血压数据报告和SSA中的生物标志物研究方面取得了重大进展.
- 在将知识转化为有效实施和公共卫生干预方面,仍然存在差距.
- 结合发现科学和公共卫生的协调研究对于SSA的高血压控制至关重要.
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