在自闭症和神经类型青年中,抑郁症状在青春期的发展轨迹
Blythe A Corbett1,2,3, Rachael A Muscatello4,5, Trey McGonigle6
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1500 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA. blythe.corbett@vumc.org.
Molecular autism
|May 2, 2024
概括
自闭症青少年在青春期早期经历了更高的抑郁症,然后抑郁症下降. 典型的发展年轻人表现出随着年龄的增长的抑郁症,导致青春期晚期的类似水平,女性经历更多的症状.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 青春期是精神疾病,特别是抑郁症出现的关键时期.
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的年轻人可能会出现特别严重和恶化的抑郁症状.
- 虽然先前的研究表明,在典型发育 (TD) 和自闭症青年中,青少年时期的抑郁症恶化,但他们的发展轨迹仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在4年的时间内,检查和比较自闭症和典型发育 (TD) 青少年抑郁症状的纵向轨迹.
- 在临床上相关的病例中调查抑郁症状得分的诊断,年龄,青春期和性别等缓和因素.
- 了解患有自闭症谱系障碍和没有自闭症的青少年抑郁症的发展过程.
主要方法:
- 一项为期四年的纵向研究,使用线性和后勤混合效应模型.
- 纳入年龄为10-13岁的244名年轻人1:140名ASD (36名女性) 和104名TD (46名女性).
- 对具有临床相关抑郁分数 (t-分数>65) 的年轻人进行缓和因素的探索.
主要成果:
- 自闭症青少年的抑郁症得分明显高于TD同龄人 (p < 0.001).
- 在两组中,女性报告的抑郁症得分高于男性 (p = 0.001).
- 在诊断和年龄 (p < 0.001) 和诊断和青春期阶段 (p < 0.05) 之间观察到显著的相互作用. 随着年龄/青春期,ASD组的抑郁症下降,而TD组的抑郁症增加.
结论:
- 自闭症青少年在青春期早期表现出更高的抑郁症,随后在青春期中期和青春期出现下降.
- 典型的发展年轻人在整个青春期表现出越来越多的抑郁症状趋势.
- 尽管轨迹不同,但两组在青春晚期达到类似的抑郁水平,女性的抑郁水平始终更高.
- 研究结果表明,自闭症青少年在发展过程中受到生物心理社会因素的影响,抑郁症症状有所减少.
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