创造力的语言:来自人类和大型语言模型的证据
William Orwig1, Emma R Edenbaum1, Joshua D Greene1
1Harvard University.
The Journal of creative behavior
|May 3, 2024
概括
研究人员发现,丰富的感知细节和多样化的词汇的故事是语言创造力的关键指标. 人工智能生成的故事显示出与人类相似的创造力,暗示了先进的机器能力.
科学领域:
- 计算语言学计算语言学
- 创造力的心理学.
- 人工智能的人工智能是人工智能.
背景情况:
- 通过计算评分和语义距离,口头创造力的自动评估正在推进.
- 以前的研究重点是语义多样性作为创意文本的预测因素.
研究的目的:
- 扩展计算语言学方法来表征创意文本特征.
- 研究感知细节和语义多样性对创造力的预测能力.
- 探索生成语言模型 (如GPT-3和GPT-4) 以模仿人类创造力和补充数据收集.
主要方法:
- 收集了来自人类参与者和GPT-3的600篇短篇故事.
- 评估随机故事的创造性质量.
- 通过GPT-4生成的120个故事重复发现.
- 分析故事的语义多样性和感知细节的存在.
主要成果:
- 感知细节,以及语义多样性,强烈预测创造力.
- 人类和人工智能生成的故事之间的创造力评分没有显著差异.
- 在人类和人工智能对创造力的评估之间观察到积极的相关性.
结论:
- 感知细节对于创意写作至关重要,增强读者传输.
- 生成性语言模型展示了类似人类的创造性写作能力.
- 计算语言方法为创造力评估提供了强大的工具.
更多相关视频
06:48Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
Published on: June 25, 2019
9.2K
09:27Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
Published on: October 13, 2018
10.0K
相关概念视频
01:27Language and Cognition
343
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
343
01:16Language
211
Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
211
01:10Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
797
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
797
01:22Language Development
358
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
358
01:28Lateralization
328
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
328
01:24Components of Language
268
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
268