成年人精神分裂症和自闭症中的执行功能具有共同的组成部分,将高和低性能组分开来
Sofia Morais1,2, Otília C d'Almeida2,3,4, Salomé Caldeira5
1Psychiatry Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|May 3, 2024
概括
在患有精神分裂症 (SCZ) 和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的成年人中,执行功能 (EF) 概况显示出显著的重叠. 这表明SCZ和ASD个体的认知康复需要类似.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 临床精神病学 临床精神病学
背景情况:
- 在患有精神分裂症 (SCZ) 和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的成年人中,执行功能 (EF) 概况尚未明确.
- 在SCZ和ASD之间进行差异诊断仍然具有挑战性,这凸显了需要在认知特征中进行更清晰的区分.
研究的目的:
- 调查和比较被诊断患有SCZ和ASD的成年人的执行功能 (EF) 档案.
- 为了确定SCZ和ASD群体之间是否存在不同的EF模式,帮助进行差异诊断.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及45名成年人 (15名SCZ,15名ASD,15名对照) 的比较神经心理学研究对人口统计学进行了匹配.
- 使用标准化测试评估工作记忆,抑制,计划,设置转移和口头流利.
- 主要组件分析 (2D-PCA) 应用于神经心理学数据以确定EF模式.
主要成果:
- 与SCZ组相比,ASD组在Digits Forward测试中表现出明显较低的分数.
- 与对照组相比,ASD参与者在Stroop Word测试中表现明显差.
- 在ASD和SCZ组之间没有发现其他显著的EF差异,这表明存在大量的重叠.
结论:
- 患有SCZ和ASD的成年人的执行功能 (EF) 概况显示出高度相似性.
- 这些发现表明,SCZ和ASD的个体可能有相似的认知康复需求.
- 在两个诊断类别中识别具有不同EF水平的个体可以优化认知康复策略.
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