探索住宅搬迁 - - 新来者和定居居民在健康,旅行行为和邻里认知方面的差异
Caroline Kienast-von Einem1, Jenna Panter2, David Ogilvie2
1MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge CB2 3EN, United Kingdom.
Health & place
|May 3, 2024
概括
一个地区的新来者报告说,他们的健康状况较差,使用汽车较少,但比长期居民更喜欢他们的社区. 环境因素和人口统计学影响这些差异,影响健康干预措施.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 城市规划 城市规划
背景情况:
- 住宅流动性将具有独特特性的个人引入新的环境.
- 了解这些新来者的健康状况,旅行行为和环境感知与既定居民有何不同,对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 环境因素和社会经济地位可以调解居住状态和健康结果之间的关系.
研究的目的:
- 调查最近搬家者 (新来者) 和长期居民 (定居居民) 之间的健康,旅行行为和环境感知差异.
- 确定区域贫困,城市化,收入和年龄如何缓解这些差异.
- 为制定有针对性的公共卫生干预措施提供信息,考虑到不断变化的环境环境.
主要方法:
- 使用了来自英国家庭纵向研究 (UKHLS) 的大量代表性样本.
- 新来者和定居居民之间的健康状况 (精神和身体),旅行行为 (汽车通勤) 和邻里满意度的比较.
- 采用统计分析来探索区域剥夺,城市化,收入和年龄的缓解效应.
主要成果:
- 与定居居民相比,新来者表现出明显较低的心理和身体健康.
- 新来者报告说,他们减少了汽车上下班时间,更有可能喜欢他们的邻里.
- 观察到温和的影响:富裕地区的新来者身体健康状况较差,农村的新来者报告社区满意度较低.
结论:
- 新人对环境的看法和环境因素的影响在不同的人口群体中各不相同.
- 住宅搬迁改变了公共卫生干预的背景,需要了解新来者的适应.
- 环境干预措施必须适应随着时间的推移而变化的环境,以有效地影响健康行为.
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