相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 27, 2025

08:25
Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
Published on: November 14, 2019
12.2K
循环RNA的细胞下定位:在哪里以及为什么?
Susovan Sadhukhan1, Tanvi Sinha1, Suchanda Dey1
1Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
概括
循环RNAs (circRNAs) 是关键的调节者,其细胞位置决定了它们的功能. 了解circRNA局部化对于破译它们在发育和疾病中的作用至关重要.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 循环RNAs (circRNAs) 是一种具有共价闭环结构的RNA分子类.
- 它们的功能在很大程度上取决于它们的细胞下定位和与细胞因子的相互作用.
- circRNAs在转录和转录后的基因调节中发挥作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前对细胞和细胞外囊泡内circRNA局部化的理解.
- 探索影响circRNA亚细胞分布的因素.
- 将circRNA局部化与它们的生物功能和疾病中的影响联系起来.
主要方法:
- 关于circRNA局部化研究的文献综述.
- 对将circRNA位置与功能联系起来的实验证据的分析.
- 讨论circRNA局部化研究中的挑战和机遇.
主要成果:
- circRNAs存在于各种亚细胞区和细胞外囊泡中.
- 它们的局部化受到RNA序列,结构以及与蛋白质和其他RNA的相互作用的影响.
- 亚细胞局部化对于circRNA在基因表达和细胞过程中的调节作用至关重要.
结论:
- 研究circRNA局部化是了解它们在生物过程和疾病中的多样性功能的关键.
- 需要进一步的研究来克服分析circRNA本地化的挑战,并充分阐明它们的作用.
- circRNA局部化提供了作为生物标志物和治疗点的潜力.
相关概念视频
Regulated mRNA Transport
6.3K
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
6.3K
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
13.2K
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
13.2K
The Nucleolus
8.8K
The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
8.8K
Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER
5.7K
A sizable fraction of proteins destined for ER are first synthesized in the cell cytosol and then transported across the ER membrane–a process called post-translational translocation. Similar to cotranslationally translocated proteins, these proteins also use the Sec translocon complex to enter the ER lumen.
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
5.7K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
16.7K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.7K
Leaky Scanning
5.1K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.1K

