面对协助死亡的请求 - 芬兰医生的观点,混合方法研究研究
Reetta P Piili1,2, Minna Hökkä3,4, Jukka Vänskä5
1Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland. reetta.piili@tuni.fi.
BMC medical ethics
|May 3, 2024
概括
芬兰医生对协助死亡请求的反应各不相同,许多人考虑了替代方案或提供支持. 开放的讨论和教育至关重要,特别是在安乐死和医生协助自杀 (PAS) 不合法的地区.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 在生命末期的护理.
- 医生的态度 医生的态度
背景情况:
- 协助死亡,包括安乐死和医生协助自杀 (PAS),是西方国家讨论和实践的全球话题.
- 医生对辅助死亡的看法在国际上有所不同,但他们对患者请求的实际反应仍未得到充分研究,特别是在这些做法是非法的国家.
- 关于医生如何管理和响应患者协助死亡请求,在法律灰色区域存在重大知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查芬兰医生对安乐死和医生协助自杀 (PAS) 的态度.
- 探索医生在芬兰面对协助死亡请求时的行为和伦理考虑.
- 为了确定医生对协助死亡请求的反应范围,在这些做法尚未合法化的背景下.
主要方法:
- 一项全国性的调查分发给所有芬兰医生,包括有关安乐死和PAS的问题,以及面对此类请求时他们采取的行动的开放式查询.
- 使用频率,百分比和皮尔森千平方测试对统计学意义进行调查数据的定量分析.
- 开放式响应的定性分析,采用诱导性内容分析方法来识别新出现的主题和类别.
主要成果:
- 从6889名医生/医学学生中获得了26%的响应率.
- 三分之一的受访者表示愿意协助患者自杀,而69%的人支持安乐死,因为身体症状很难.
- 16%的医生报告说他们收到了安乐死或PAS的请求,定性分析显示了六个主要的响应类别:替代品,护理/支持,忽视,拒绝,遵守和视为可能性.
结论:
- 芬兰医生对协助死亡的请求表现出不同的行动和态度.
- 医生处理安乐死和PAS请求的方式有很大差异.
- 调查结果强调需要开放的对话,教育和明确的建议,以协助死亡的伦理,特别是在司法管辖区,它没有法律制裁.
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