绘制沿海国家的塑料和塑料添加剂循环:挪威的案例研究
Ahmed Marhoon1, Miguel Las Heras Hernandez2, Romain Guillaume Billy1
1Industrial Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim NO-7034, Norway.
Environmental science & technology
|May 4, 2024
概括
塑料污染是一个越来越令人担忧的问题. 这项研究引入了一种跟踪塑料循环和添加剂的新方法,揭示了轮胎磨损和包装作为主要来源,并强调了环境保护的上游解决方案.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 材料流量分析 材料流量分析
- 污染研究 污染研究
背景情况:
- 塑料污染对环境构成重大风险.
- 了解塑料聚合物循环和添加剂对于减轻影响至关重要.
- 现有的方法往往忽略了产品在使用过程中微塑料的漏.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一种新的动态概率材料流量分析 (DPMFA) 方法,用于绘制沿海国家的塑料循环.
- 量化产品在使用阶段释放的微塑料.
- 为了模拟232种塑料添加剂的环境命运.
主要方法:
- 实施了全面的自上而下的,流入驱动的DPMFA方法.
- 将该方法应用于2020年挪威的塑料经济.
- 详细介绍了塑料和添加剂释放到各种环境部分的途径.
主要成果:
- 758公的塑料在2020年进入挪威经济,其中632公被浪费.
- 15.2公的塑料垃圾被释放到环境中,其中4.8公进入海洋.
- 轮胎磨损被确定为主要的微塑料来源;消费品包装 (LDPE,PP,PET) 是主要的巨型塑料来源.
- 75千克的塑料添加剂可能与聚合物一起释放.
结论:
- 上游干预措施,包括减少消费和改进产品设计,是减轻塑料污染的最有效措施.
- 该研究提供了关于塑料和添加剂流量的关键数据,这对于有针对性的环境政策至关重要.
- 动态概率材料流分析为了解复杂的环境循环提供了一个强大的工具.
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