城市尘埃中潜在有毒元素 (PTEs) 相关的来源和人类健康风险:全球视角
Li Chen1, Linchuan Fang1, Xing Yang2
1College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
Environment international
|May 4, 2024
概括
在全球范围内,城市尘埃显示有潜在有毒元素 (PTEs) 的严重污染,造成严重的健康风险. 即使低危险指数也表明风险不可忽视,影响全球数百万人.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 长期暴露在城市灰尘中的潜在有毒元素 (PTEs) 对人类健康产生负面影响.
- 全球研究量化城市尘埃PTE的健康风险是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 评估全球城市灰尘中12种PTE的度,来源和人类健康风险.
- 提供关于PTE污染和相关健康影响的全球视角.
- 为减轻PTE暴露风险的政策决策提供信息.
主要方法:
- 463篇发表文章的系统审查和元分析.
- 评估59个国家的PTE度和输入来源.
- 使用蒙特卡洛模拟进行概率性人类健康风险评估.
主要成果:
- 在调查的城市灰尘中发现了大量的 (As) (34.1%) 和 (Cd) (60.3%) 的污染.
- PTE投入与经济结构有很强的相关性,主要来源是工业和交通排放.
- 平均危害指数低于1.0仍然表明健康风险不可忽视,特别是来自和 (Cr).
- 在中国,韩国,智利,马来西亚和澳大利亚的城市中确定了高风险地区.
- 据估计,全球有9200万成年人和2.8亿儿童受到PTE的威胁.
结论:
- 城市灰尘PTE对全球健康构成重大风险,影响数亿人.
- 即使看似安全的PTE水平也可能导致严重的健康问题.
- 调查结果强调需要有针对性的政策来减少PTE暴露,并支持可持续的城市发展.
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