揭开微塑料的威胁:不同的聚合物增加了蜜蜂的脆弱性
Federico Ferrante1, Elisa Pasquini2, Federico Cappa3
1Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy; Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Viterbo, Largo dell'Università, 01100, Viterbo, Italy.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|May 4, 2024
概括
微塑料 (MPs) 负面影响蜜蜂的生存和免疫力,即使在低剂量. 暴露会改变蜜蜂的化学特征,可能会让受污染的蜜蜂进入蜂群而不被发现,冒着广泛污染的风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 微塑料 (MPs) 是普遍存在的污染物,对非目标生物的影响基本上是未知的.
- 大多数研究都集中在单个聚合物的毒性上,而不是现实的环境混合物.
- 像蜜蜂 (蜜蜂) 这样的传粉昆虫至关重要,但对环境污染物很脆弱.
研究的目的:
- 评估聚钢 (PS) 和聚甲酸 (PMMA) 微塑料单独和组合对蜜蜂的致命和次致命影响.
- 调查MPs对蜜蜂免疫反应,存活率和皮质碳化合物概况的影响.
- 为了确定MP诱导的化学特征变化是否会影响社会识别行为和殖民地的完整性.
主要方法:
- 在不同度 (0.5,5,50 mg/L) 的PS和PMMAMPs口服给蜜蜂.
- 对蜜蜂生存率和免疫系统标记物的评估.
- 气色谱-质谱 (GC-MS) 分析皮状碳化合物的分析.
- 行为评估评估社会认可和殖民地入口.
主要成果:
- 无论是PS还是PMMA的MP都对蜜蜂的生存和免疫反应产生了附加的负面影响,即使在生态相关的度下也是如此.
- 暴露于MP,特别是PMMA,改变了皮质碳化合物配置,减少了关键化合物的丰度.
- 暴露于MP的蜜蜂没有被殖民地守卫拒绝,允许未被发现的入口和潜在的污染传播.
结论:
- 微塑料污染对蜜蜂健康和蜂群稳定构成重大威胁.
- 添加剂毒性和改变的化学信号给单个蜜蜂和整个蜂群带来了风险.
- 被污染的采集者未被发现的进入突出了微塑料在蜂巢内的传播的关键途径.
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