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基本频率对青春期前儿童性别认知的影响:来自LoKiS数据库的见解
Riccarda Funk1, Melanie Weirich1, Adrian P Simpson1
1Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
基本频率显著影响儿童的性别认知. 更高的音调和声音旋律与感知到的女性性相关,随着孩子的年龄增长,差异越来越大.
科学领域:
- 语音声学和精神声学的语言声学和精神声学.
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 童年的声音和性别感知.
背景情况:
- 了解基于声音的性别认知在发育研究中至关重要.
- LoKiS数据库提供了6-10岁的德国儿童的纵向语音录音.
- 以前的研究往往侧重于成年人的声音,在理解儿童声音感知方面留下了一个差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查基本频率 (F0) 对青春期前儿童性别认知的影响.
- 分析与F0相关的声学参数及其与感知性别的相关性.
- 检查F0对性别认知的影响如何随着儿童的年龄而变化.
主要方法:
- 对100多名参与者进行了三次听力实验,以判断声音的性别.
- 利用来自LoKiS数据库的自发和受控语音录音.
- 采用语音变形技术来隔离F0对性别认知的影响.
主要成果:
- 大约三分之一的儿童获得了明确的性别归因.
- 在出生时被分配为女性 (AFAB) 和出生时被分配为男性 (AMAB) 儿童之间的感知性别差异从1年级到3年级增加.
- 感知音调和测量基本频率之间发现了强烈的相关性;女性声音的孩子具有更高的F0和半音范围,随着年龄的增长差异.
结论:
- 基本频率和半音范围显著影响儿童的性别认知.
- 当控制其他声学因素时,F0对性别感知的影响更为明显.
- 听众的性别和语音材料也与性别感知中的F0相互作用.
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