在炎热天气期间的多病症和紧急住院
Zhiwei Xu1, Weizhuo Yi2, Aaron Bach1
1School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia; Cities Research Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
EBioMedicine
|May 5, 2024
概括
患有多种慢性疾病的人在热浪期间面临更高的风险. 这项研究强调了需要在热行动计划中特别识别和保护具有多病症的个体.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 热健康行动计划经常将患有慢性疾病的人列为易受热影响的人.
- 之前的研究表明,特定的健康状况会增加热的脆弱性.
- 关于多病症 (两个或两个以上的慢性疾病) 对热敏度的影响的证据有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同数量和类型的慢性疾病患者暴露于环境热量和紧急住院之间的关联.
- 评估多病症患者对与热有关的住院治疗的特殊脆弱性.
主要方法:
- 使用了澳大利亚昆士兰州的全州医院注册表 (2004年3月至2016年4月).
- 包括15岁以上的个体,患有五种慢性疾病 (心血管疾病,糖尿病,精神疾病,喘/COPD,慢性脏疾病) 的0,1,2或≥3.
- 采用时间分层的病例交叉分析来估计与日均气温比中位数上升5°C相关的住院几率比率.
主要成果:
- 平均温度升高与住院几率增加相关,特别是在老年人 (≥65岁),男性和非土著人口中.
- 对于老年人来说,随着慢性疾病的数量增加,热暴露的几率比率增加了:1.00 (0种疾病),1.06 (1种疾病),1.08 (2种疾病) 和1.13 (≥3种疾病).
- 慢性病和喘/COPD,单独或组合,显示在环境热下住院的几率最高.
结论:
- 患有多病症的个体代表了一个独特的,特别脆弱的子组,需要在热健康行动计划中特别考虑.
- 调查结果强调了为管理多种慢性疾病患者群体的热风险而量身定制的战略的重要性.
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