混合现场和现场以外的生物多样性保护措施
Teja Tscharntke1, Péter Batáry2, Ingo Grass3
1Agroecology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Trends in ecology & evolution
|May 5, 2024
概括
农业扩张导致了生物多样性的巨大丧失. 包括保护区和多样化的农业在内的现场和现场保护策略的混合对全球生物多样性和生态系统服务至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 农业扩张和强化是全球生物多样性显著丧失的主要驱动因素.
- 土地共享节约辩论对保护战略提出了一个错误的二分法.
- 保护区对全球生物多样性至关重要,但如果不考虑周围的景观,它们的有效性是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 倡导采用综合方法,结合场内和场外的保护措施.
- 强调从自然土地到农田的溢出效应对物种保护的重要性.
- 强调在现场措施中尽量减少产量损失的必要性,以防止对生物多样性丰富地区的压力增加.
主要方法:
- 分析保护区和农业景观之间的相互作用.
- 评估多元化农业系统和小型田地规模的有效性.
- 评估农业景观中物种提供的生态系统服务.
主要成果:
- 保护土地和邻近自然息地的溢出效应的结合对于减少物种灭绝至关重要.
- 具有小,多样化的田地的景观提高了保护措施的有效性.
- 仅仅专注于受保护的土地不足以保护多样化的物种及其相关的生态系统服务.
结论:
- 为了应对生物多样性丧失,需要一个综合战略,结合现场和现场之外的措施.
- 通过有效的现场实践,尽量减少产量损失至关重要,以避免在生物多样性热点地区对土地的需求增加.
- 需要实施高标准的社会生态土地利用标准,以确保可持续发展和生物多样性保护.
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