认知储备指标与认知衰退和中老年人的结构性大脑差异的关联:来自英国生物银行的发现
1Weili Xu, MD, PhD, Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, 300070, Tianjin, P.R. China; Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A Floor 10, SE-171 65 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Phone: +46 8 524 858 26; Email: weili.xu@ki.se; Xiuying Qi, PhD, Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, 300070, Tianjin, P.R. China.
The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease
|May 6, 2024
概括
较高的认知储备 (CR) 与较慢的认知衰退和更好的大脑健康有关,特别是在中年. 这表明CR有助于弥补大脑变化,并防止认知能力下降.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 认知储备 (CR) 有助于维持认知能力,尽管大脑衰老和损伤,并与降低痴呆风险有关.
- 中年期的CR,认知变化和大脑结构之间的关系仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查认知储备和认知衰退之间的关联.
- 为了检查认知储备和中年和老年人的结构性大脑差异之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 英国生物库的一项纵向研究跟踪了42301名没有痴呆症的参与者 (年龄在40-70岁之间) 大约9年.
- 认知储备被分类为高,中等或低,使用基于教育,职业和认知活动的潜在类别分析.
- 认知功能和脑成像 (总大脑,白质,灰质,海马体积和白质超强度) 被评估.
主要成果:
- 较高的CR与全球认知,前性记忆,流体智力和反应时间的较慢下降有关.
- 具有高CR的个体表现出较高的海马体积和较低的白质超强度,即使控制全球认知.
- 这些关联在中年和老年参与者中都被观察到,尽管大脑结构减少,但这些关联仍然存在.
结论:
- 高度的认知储备与保持认知,更高的海马体积和减少的微血管负担有关,特别是在中年.
- 高CR使个人能够容忍大脑体积减少,同时保持认知功能.
- 增强CR可能有助于补偿神经成像变化,并预防认知能力下降.
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