编码染色体重塑因子的OlCHR是一种杀手,导致Oryza sativa和O.O.米种之间的杂交不育. 长时间的维生素
Zin Mar Myint1, Yohei Koide1, Wakana Takanishi1
1Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
iScience
|May 6, 2024
概括
一个新发现的自私基因,S13,通过消除特定的花粉,导致大米杂交中的男性不育. 这一发现揭示了大米物种的繁殖隔离机制.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 进化遗传学的进化遗传学
背景情况:
- 生殖隔离机制对于物种化至关重要.
- 导致密切相关的植物物种之间的繁殖障碍的遗传因素尚未完全理解.
- 研究跨物种混合体中的基因相互作用可以揭示新的隔离机制.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和描述负责Oryza longistaminata和Oryza sativa之间生殖隔离的基因.
- 为了阐明在跨物种杂物中观察到的男性不孕不育的分子基础.
- 了解自私基因在植物物种化中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在O. longistaminata和O. sativa之间发生杂交.
- 在F1杂交品种中对男性生育能力的遗传分析.
- 识别S13位点及其相关基因.
- 使用CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑来评估基因功能.
- 不同品种大米中CHR基因的比较基因组学.
主要成果:
- 在O. sativa中发现了一种自私的S13等位基因,导致O. longistaminata杂交物中的男性不育.
- 这种S13异位基因选择性地消除了异构体 (S13/S13) 中携带它的花粉.
- 一个染色体重塑因子 (CHR) 基因,O. longistaminata中的OlCHR,被确定为负责这种花粉消除的杀手基因.
- CRISPR-Cas9对OlCHR的破坏恢复了杂交动物的生育能力.
- 缺乏OlCHR同源的非洲种植大米,与S13两种基因相容.
结论:
- OlCHR基因充当杀手基因,诱导男性不育,并有助于O. longistaminata和O. sativa之间的生殖隔离.
- 自私的遗传元素可以在驱动物种化中发挥重要作用.
- 了解这些遗传障碍对于米育种和保护工作至关重要.
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