在SARS-CoV-2检测方面的进展:导航分子格局和诊断技术
Nuha Almulla1, Raya Soltane1, Ahlam Alasiri1
1Department of Biology, Adham University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia.
Heliyon
|May 6, 2024
概括
准确和早期检测SARS-CoV-2感染,包括新变种,至关重要. 本综述检查了核酸和血清学检测,评估FDA批准的测试,以改善COVID-19诊断.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 诊断医学 诊断医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 由SARS-CoV-2引起的COVID-19大流行病导致全球数百万病例和死亡.
- 高传染性变种的出现需要先进的诊断工具,以进行早期和准确的检测.
- 美国联邦药物管理局 (FDA) 已授权各种诊断测试,包括核酸和抗原-抗体测试.
研究的目的:
- 探索用于检测SARS-CoV-2的基于核酸和抗原-抗体的血清分析.
- 评估最近批准的FDA测试和研究记录的测试的性能.
- 评估这些测试在识别新型冠状病毒菌株方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 科学文献和FDA紧急使用授权 (EUA) 的审查.
- 对诊断测试方法的分析,重点是核酸和血清学方法.
- 对测试性能进行比较评估,特别是在变种识别方面.
主要成果:
- 定量实时逆转录PCR (qRT-PCR) 是黄金标准,但具有局限性.
- 核酸和血清检测提供了具有不同性能特性的替代方案.
- 最近的进展旨在提高检测SARS-CoV-2变种的特异性和灵敏度.
结论:
- 诊断测试的持续创新对于管理COVID-19大流行至关重要.
- 准确检测SARS-CoV-2变种需要专门的和验证的测试.
- 评估FDA批准和基于研究的测试有助于选择最佳的诊断策略.
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