家庭用水负担能力和水资源不安全性的变化:来自18个低收入和中等收入国家的交叉视角
Sameer H Shah1, Leila M Harris2, Vikas Menghwani3
1University of Washington, USA; The University of British Columbia, Canada.
Environment and planning. F, Philosophy, theory, models, methods and practice
|May 6, 2024
概括
这项研究表明,虽然在高社会经济地位的家庭中,水的负担能力因性别而异,但水的不安全性主要与较低的社会经济地位有关,而不论家庭主管的性别. 调查结果突出了不同地区在水安全方面的交叉模式.
科学领域:
- 环境科学环境科学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 水安全学术往往忽视了交叉性,未能捕捉到相互依存的压迫如何塑造与水有关的风险.
- 边缘化系统创造了差异化和复杂的水风险,需要细微分析.
研究的目的:
- 通过交叉性镜头量化评估水的可负担性和不安全性.
- 分析不同低收入和中等收入国家的家庭主管性别,社会经济地位,水负担能力和水资源不安全性的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 采用了跨学科的方法,分析了来自中南美洲,非洲和亚洲4000多个家庭的数据.
- 使用了与相互作用项和复合分类变量的回归模型,并对混因素进行调整.
- 用11个自我报告的经验来衡量水的可负担性,即用于水和水不安全的收入.
主要成果:
- 在高社会经济地位的家庭中,水负担能力因家庭主管的性别而异.
- 较大的水资源不安全与较低的社会经济地位有显著的关联.
- 根据家庭主管的性别,水的不安全性没有显著变化.
结论:
- 有证据表明,水安全存在广泛的交叉模式,但它们的表现取决于当地环境.
- 建议多个地点的定量交叉研究对水的负担能力和不安全性的方法论进步.
- 强调在水安全研究中需要考虑性别权力关系和局部影响.
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