运动相关背部问题的潜在神经生理和生物力学风险因素:一个范围审查
Erika Zemková1,2, Banafsheh Amiri1, Henrieta Horníková3
1Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia.
Sports medicine and health science
|May 6, 2024
概括
本综述确定了运动员背部问题的神经生理和生物机械风险因素,包括肌肉失衡和运动模式不佳. 未来的研究应该专注于可修改的因素和体育特定的预防策略.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 神经生理学 神经生理学
背景情况:
- 运动员的背部问题很常见,有多因素的原因.
- 了解神经生理学和生物机械风险因素对于预防至关重要.
- 现有的研究在范围和重点上有局限性.
研究的目的:
- 绘制有关运动员背部问题的神经生理和生物机械风险因素的文献.
- 确定研究缺口,并提出未来的研究方向.
- 为制定有针对性的预防策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从主要科学数据库 (Scopus,科学网,MEDLINE,柯克兰图书馆) 进行文献综述.
- 包括检查运动员背部问题的神经生理学和生物力学方面的研究.
- 分析已识别的风险因素和研究缺口.
主要成果:
- 神经生理学风险因素包括神经肌肉失衡,肌肉疲劳,功能障碍和运动控制受损.
- 生物机械风险因素包括脊柱和下肢动力学,力量失衡和运动模式缺陷.
- 研究主要集中在腰椎疼痛上,对胸部/部区域,特定体育运动,女性/大师运动员和健康的有风险运动员的关注有限.
结论:
- 鉴定的风险因素为了解运动员背部问题提供了基础.
- 存在显著的研究差距,特别是在研究不足的体育和运动员人群中.
- 未来的研究应该优先考虑可修改的风险因素,运动员预测和个性化,体育特定的预防策略.
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