第一个南非HPV疫苗接种者的社会人口统计,行为和知识
Robyn A Adams1, Cathy Visser, Greta Dreyer
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town. robynadams@sun.ac.za.
概括
针对HPV接种疫苗的年轻女性仍然对宫癌和预防方法存在知识差距. 持续教育对于有效打击这种疾病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 感染是导致子宫癌的主要原因,也是广泛传播的性传播感染.
- 预防策略包括HPV疫苗接种,延迟性开始,屏障避孕,以及关于性行为和烟草使用的健康教育.
研究的目的:
- 评估南非年轻女性接种疫苗的社会人口结构因素,性行为以及宫癌和HPV疫苗接种知识.
- 评估与HPV疫苗接种计划相关的先前健康教育计划的有效性.
主要方法:
- 免疫VACCS研究 (2019-2022) 涉及南非111名年轻女性 (年龄在16-22岁),这些女性是从以前的HPV疫苗试验中招募的.
- 数据是通过自我管理的问卷来收集的,这些问卷评估了人口统计数据,性活动,以及关于宫癌和HPV预防的知识.
- 参与者通过电话联系,以招聘.
主要成果:
- 大多数性活跃的参与者在中学开始性活动 (96.2%); 77.2%的人在最后一次性接触时使用避孕措施.
- 观察到重要的知识差距:只有13.5%的人知道宫癌起源于宫,3.6%的人将其与病毒联系起来.
- 虽然70.3%的人听说过宫癌疫苗,但只有不到一半的人知道巴氏涂抹 (49.5%),疫苗保护 (44.1%) 或使用避孕套 (20.7%) 对于预防HPV/宫癌的重要性.
结论:
- 即使在接种疫苗和相关的健康教育之后,年轻女性对宫癌及其危险因素的理解尚不完全.
- 需要对HPV,其风险和预防措施进行持续和全面的教育,以有效打击年轻女性的宫癌.
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