目前用于戒烟的药物治疗方法和有前途的新兴药物
Seetal Dodd1,2, Jodie Harper3, Michael Berk1,2,4
1IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, P.O. Box 281, Geelong, 3220, Australia.
概括
已建立的戒烟药物疗法只有有限的成功,复发率很高. 新兴的治疗方法看起来很有前途,但尚未超过目前有效戒烟的选择.
科学领域:
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 药物治疗显著增加了在戒烟尝试期间实现戒烟的可能性.
- 尽管使用药物治疗,但已建立的戒烟方法导致戒烟率低,复发很常见.
- 对目前和新兴的戒烟药物治疗方法进行全面审查是有必要的.
研究的目的:
- 研究用于戒烟的现有和新型药物疗法的疗效和危害概况.
- 评估新兴治疗方法的潜力,包括新配方,药物重新用途和新型作用机制.
- 评估电子尼古丁输送系统 (ENDS) 在烟草使用障碍管理中的作用和争议.
主要方法:
- 对目前和新兴的戒烟药物治疗方法和烟草使用障碍进行了文献审查.
- 该审查涵盖了广泛的疗法和试验设计,需要考虑固有的差异.
- 分析的重点是各种治疗方式的疗效和安全性.
主要成果:
- 新兴的药物疗法,包括新配方和重新设计的药物,正在开发中,但尚未证明其效果优于现有治疗方法.
- 电子尼古丁输送系统 (ENDS) 或vaping可能有助于转向减少伤害,但似乎并不能帮助戒烟,并且仍然存在争议.
- 新的治疗方法提供了不同的作用机制和安全性,但相对有效性需要进一步验证.
结论:
- 个性化戒烟策略至关重要,它超越药物治疗,涵盖复杂的心理社会因素.
- 新兴的药物疗法需要进一步的研究来确定它们的比较疗效和安全性.
- 关于ENDS在戒烟中的作用仍在争论中,有证据表明,它促进了转换,而不是戒烟.
更多相关视频
09:29Investigating Drivers of Antireward in Addiction Behavior with Anatomically Specific Single-Cell Gene Expression Methods
Published on: August 4, 2022
2.2K
08:47Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration
Published on: February 10, 2012
13.5K
相关概念视频
01:28Drug Therapy
42
The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Antianxiety Medications
42
01:23Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents
226
Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
226
01:17Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview
424
Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...
424
01:23Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants
1.3K
Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
1.3K
01:17Drug Dependence
1.0K
Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
1.0K
01:22Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
338
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
338