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相关概念视频

Explicit Memories01:27

Explicit Memories

135
Explicit memories, also known as declarative memories, are consciously remembered, recalled, and reported. Studying for a chemistry exam involves material that will become part of explicit memory. There are two types of explicit memory: episodic and semantic.
Episodic memory contains information about personally experienced events and is reported as a story. An example of episodic memory is recalling a birthday celebration. This type of memory includes the what, where, and when of an event, as...
135
Autobiographical Memory01:14

Autobiographical Memory

5.3K
Autobiographical memory is a unique type of episodic memory that involves recollecting personal life experiences. It allows individuals to remember significant events from their past, creating a narrative of their lives. One interesting phenomenon related to autobiographical memory is the reminiscence bump. This effect refers to the tendency of adults to recall more events from their second and third decades of life — typically between ages 10 to 30 — than from other periods. This...
5.3K
Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon01:10

Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon

141
The tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon is a cognitive experience characterized by a temporary inability to retrieve specific information from memory despite having a strong feeling of knowing the information. Although individuals cannot access the target word or detail, they frequently recall related elements, such as its initial letter, syllable count, or context. This partial retrieval often causes frustration, as one might recognize a familiar face or know that a name starts with a specific...
141
Retrieval01:12

Retrieval

109
Retrieval is the process of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness. This ability is essential for daily tasks like brushing hair and teeth, driving to work, and performing job duties. Retrieval occurs in three ways: recall, recognition, and relearning.
Recall involves accessing information without cues, such as during an essay test, where individuals must retrieve facts and concepts from memory unaided. Another example is remembering the name of a colleague...
109
Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

88
Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
88
Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

128
Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
128

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
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记忆检索效应作为现象体验差异的函数.

Austin H Schmidt1, C Brock Kirwan2,3,4

  • 1Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.

Brain imaging and behavior
|May 6, 2024
PubMed
概括

人们对信息的可视化或口头化方式的个体差异会影响记忆检索期间的大脑活动. 这表明认知风格会影响回忆词语和面部的神经模式.

关键词:
认知风格是一种认知风格.经验 经验 经验 经验 经验个人差异 个人差异内部代表问题问卷问卷奇异的经历是一种非凡的体验.认可 承认 认可

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Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion
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Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
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Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
08:53

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Brain Imaging Investigation of the Memory-Enhancing Effect of Emotion
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科学领域:

  • 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
  • 神经成像是一种神经成像.
  • 心理学 心理学 心理学

背景情况:

  • 意识经验通常是单一的,但众所周知,现象经验的个体差异会影响行为.
  • 这些主观表示差异对记忆过程的影响仍然不完全理解.

研究的目的:

  • 调查个人对视觉图像或内部语言化的认知偏见如何影响记忆编码和检索期间的神经活动.
  • 检查这些表示偏差与不同类型的刺激 (面孔和词语) 的记忆表现之间的关系.

主要方法:

  • 功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于在记忆编码和识别任务中扫描49名参与者.
  • 参与者完成了内部表现问卷 (IRQ),以评估认知偏见 (视觉图像与内部语言化).
  • 行为记忆表现和fMRI激活模式与个人的认知偏差分数相关分析.

主要成果:

  • 在视觉图像/内部语言化偏差和整体记忆性能之间没有发现显著的相关性.
  • 在编码和检索过程中,fMRI揭示了面部与单词的典型激活差异.
  • 在检索时,对可视化的偏见与下尾回旋中与记忆相关的激活有关.
  • 交叉交互表明可视化偏差增强了单词检索激活,而语言化偏差增强了面部检索激活.

结论:

  • 认知表现 (可视化与口头表达) 的个体差异与记忆检索期间的不同神经激活模式有关.
  • 这些表示偏差可能会调节检索不同类型的刺激所需的神经努力.
  • 这些发现表明,主观认知风格可以塑造记忆检索性能的神经支柱.