国家的差异 老年男性的听力困难 缺点 劣势
Shane D Burns1, Jessica S West2,3
1Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Journal of aging and health
|May 6, 2024
概括
在全球范围内,男性有更多的听力障碍,但这种差异因国家而异. 研究显示,在美国,墨西哥和韩国存在差异,这凸显了对国家特定的听力健康方法的需求.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 听力障碍是全球老龄化人口日益关注的问题,特别是在男性中观察到显著的性别差异.
- 现有的关于听力障碍性别差异的研究缺乏全面的国际比较,特别是在不同的社会经济和文化背景中.
研究的目的:
- 调查和比较美国,墨西哥和韩国的老年人 (55-89岁) 听力障碍的性别差异.
- 检查人口,社会和健康因素如何影响这些国家的听力障碍观察到的性别差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自2018年健康和退休研究 (HRS) 国际研究家族的数据,包括29,480名受访者.
- 采用国家特定的顺序逻辑回归模型来分析自我报告的听力障碍中的性别差异.
- 逐步调整人口,社会和健康指标的模型,以确定导致性别差异的因素.
主要成果:
- 在美国观察到,男人的听力障碍是一个持续的不利因素.
- 在墨西哥,听力障碍的性别差异最初是由年龄组相互作用解释的,但在调整并发症后重新出现.
- 在整个研究期间,在韩国没有发现听力困难的性别差异.
结论:
- 老年人中听力障碍的患病率和性别差异在各国表现出显著的异质性.
- 调查结果强调了在解决与年龄有关的听力损失的性别差异时,考虑国家特定因素的重要性,包括社会人口统计学变量和健康状况.
- 进一步的研究是有必要的,以探索驱动这些国际差异的潜在机制,男性的听力障碍不利.
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