评估大米的宏观,微量和有毒元素摄入量:品种,有色和无色米之间的差异
Xingyong Liu1, Qian Li1, Benlin Yin1
1Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650000, China.
Scientific reports
|May 6, 2024
概括
米分析揭示了有毒元素的基本元素缺乏和潜在的健康风险,特别是在有色素的品种. 长期消费可能会带来致癌风险,强调需要饮食微量营养素和安全考虑.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 食品化学 食品化学
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,大米是主食,但其营养特征和潜在的健康风险需要彻底调查.
- 元素成分因大米品种和地理来源而有很大差异,影响人类健康.
- 了解大米中必需营养素和潜在有毒元素 (PTEs) 的平衡对于公共健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化来自中国的有色和无色大米中的宏观,微量和潜在有毒元素 (PTEs).
- 评估饮食中摄入这些元素的健康风险.
- 为了比较有色素和无色素米品种之间的元素含量和健康风险.
主要方法:
- 从中国云南的各个地方收集有色素和无色素大米样本.
- 对宏观元素 (P, K, Mg, Ca, Na),微量元素 (Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, Se) 和PTE (Cr, As, Cd) 的分析.
- 基于估计的每日摄入量和确定的可容忍限值 (UL) 的健康风险评估.
主要成果:
- 元素的度顺序:Mn> Zn> Fe> Cu> Se (痕量),P> K> Mg> Ca> Na (宏观),Cr> As> Cd (PTEs).
- 颜色大米显示 (Cr), (Mn) 和 (Na) 的度较高.
- 虽然每日摄入量低于可容忍限度,但铁 (Fe), (Zn) 和 (Se) 摄入量不足;PTE构成了首要的健康问题,具有潜在的长期致癌风险.
结论:
- 米的消费,特别是有色素的品种,带来了双重问题:缺乏必要的微量营养素和暴露于PTE.
- 与非颜色大米相比,食用颜色大米的成年人面临更高的健康风险.
- 面对微量营养素充足度和PTE暴露的饮食策略对于食用大米的人群来说是必要的.
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