社会认知发展的年龄相关轨迹
Zhi-Xiong Yan1, Zhe He1, Ling-Hui Jiang1
1Guangxi Center of Developmental Population Neuroscience, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China.
Frontiers in psychology
|May 7, 2024
概括
这项研究揭示了与社会认知网络的独特年龄相关的大脑连接模式,包括思想理论和同情心,跨越广泛的年龄范围. 这些发现提供了对社会发展和非典型发展的潜在临床干预措施的见解.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 了解社会认知 (SC) 发展的神经机制至关重要,但由于广泛的年龄范围内的研究有限,人们对其了解甚少.
- 现有的行为证据凸显了SC的重要性,但整个寿命的神经成像数据缺乏.
- 社会大脑网络中的内在功能连接 (IFC) 模式随着年龄的增长而变化,影响社会发展和临床干预.
研究的目的:
- 在关键的社会认知网络 (道德认知,思想理论,同理心) 和整个大脑之间绘制与年龄相关的IFC轨迹.
- 通过广泛的年龄范围 (8-83岁) 调查社会发展的神经基础.
- 在SC网络和其他功能性大脑网络之间识别独特和重叠的IFC配置文件.
主要方法:
- 使用了纳森·克莱恩研究所 - 洛克兰实验室 (NKI-RS) 的增强样本,参与了316名年龄在8-83岁之间的参与者.
- 在三个代表性SC网络 (道德认知,思想理论,同理心) 和大脑皮层之间映射了状的IFC特征.
- 为这些网络构建了与年龄相关的连接轨迹.
主要成果:
- SC网络表现出与不同大脑区域不同的和共享的iFC配置文件.
- 共感网络显示了年龄敏感的线性增长 (与背部注意) 和下降 (与腹部注意) iFC模式,以及性别特异性差异.
- 思想理论 (ToM) 网络显示了与腹部注意力网络的反转U形 (四边形凸) 轨迹;道德认知显示没有明确的线性或四边形轨迹.
结论:
- 通过特定的发展轨迹,SC网络与低级 (体力运动,视觉) 和高级 (注意力,控制) 网络相互作用.
- 确定了与年龄相关的iFC轨迹,可以提高对社会认知发展神经基础的理解.
- 这些发现为识别和干预非典型的社会认知发展提供了有价值的参考.
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