相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 27, 2025

07:57
A New Method for Inducing a Depression-Like Behavior in Rats
Published on: February 22, 2018
20.9K
在青春期在情感背景中保持注意力:与年龄相关的差异和与抑郁和焦虑症状升高的关联
D L Dunning1,2, J Parker1, K Griffiths1
1Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK.
Cognition & emotion
|May 7, 2024
概括
在负面背景下,青少年在持续的注意力任务中表现更差,表现随着年龄的增长而改善. 抑郁症风险与注意力较差有关,但焦虑对注意力有不同的影响.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 持续的注意力对认知发展至关重要,在情绪和行为障碍中经常受到影响.
- 关于持续注意力的研究通常使用中立的背景,限制对情感影响的理解.
- 青春期是认知成熟和情绪挑战的开始的关键时期.
研究的目的:
- 研究负面情感背景如何影响青少年持续的注意力.
- 为了检查持续注意力表现的与年龄相关的变化.
- 探索抑郁风险,焦虑和持续的注意力之间的关系,特别是在情感背景下.
主要方法:
- 我们使用了一项新任务来评估在情感 (负面) 和中性背景下持续的注意力.
- 从465名11-18岁的青少年收集了数据.
- 分析了与年龄,抑郁风险和焦虑水平相关的表现.
主要成果:
- 与中性背景相比,青少年在负面背景下表现出较差的持续注意力表现.
- 在整个青少年时期,持续注意力任务的表现随着年龄的增长而有所改善.
- 患有抑郁症风险的青少年总体上表现出更糟糕的持续注意力,但情感背景对小组之间的表现没有产生差异性影响.
- 焦虑的严重程度与整体表现差异没有相关性,尽管在负面背景下,更高的焦虑与较少的反应时间变化有关.
结论:
- 负面的情感状态可能会损害青少年的持续注意力,强调情感背景在认知任务中的重要性.
- 与年龄相关的持续注意力的改善是显而易见的,但对情感干扰的脆弱性可能有所不同.
- 虽然抑郁症风险会影响整体注意力,但焦虑的影响更为细微,可能涉及对情绪刺激的调制反应.
相关概念视频
Cognitive Development During Adolescence
53
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
53
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
56
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
56
Socioemotional Development during Infancy
53
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
53
Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood
43.4K
Attachment is a long-standing connection or bond with others. While Attachment Theory was conceived in developmental psychology to describe infant-caregiver bonding, it's been extended into adulthood to include romantic relationships.
43.4K
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
5.2K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.2K
Stress and Mental Health
119
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
119

