通过将候选适应性多态与蛋白质动态集成,SARS-COV-2尖端蛋白质的分子适应的某些机械基础
Nicholas James Ose1, Paul Campitelli1, Tushar Modi1
1Department of Physics and Center for Biological Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States.
eLife
|May 7, 2024
概括
这项研究揭示了SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白适应如何影响与人类ACE2结合. 候选适应多态 (CAPs) 调节结合动态,不同的SARS-CoV-2菌株表现出独特的突变相互作用.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- SARS-CoV-2 尖峰 (S) 蛋白对于病毒进入至关重要,也是适应性进化的关键目标.
- 了解S蛋白适应的分子机制对于预测病毒进化和开发对策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过将进化预测与蛋白质动态相结合,研究SARS-CoV-2 S蛋白质的分子适应.
- 阐明对候选自适应多形态 (CAPs) 如何影响S蛋白功能,特别是其与人类ACE2 (hACE2) 受体的相互作用的机制性见解.
- 分析不同SARS-CoV-2菌株突变的动态标志和潜在影响.
主要方法:
- 应用了分子进化的中性理论来预测SARS-CoV-2 S蛋白中的候选适应性多态 (CAP).
- 利用蛋白质动态分析来评估已识别的CAPs对S蛋白结构和功能的影响.
- 通过使用各种基于动态的指标,研究了CAPs,S蛋白结合点和haCE2蛋白之间的相互作用.
- 分析了不同SARS-CoV-2菌株 (如Delta,Omicron) 的特征突变,以确定动态特征并预测未来的突变效应.
主要成果:
- CAPs经常与S蛋白上已知的功能部位重叠.
- CAPs与S蛋白的 hACE2结合点具有关键的全性相互作用,在开放和封闭的构造中影响结合的不同.
- CAPs控制了在开放的S蛋白状态下hACE2结合残留的动态,这表明受体结合的全调节.
- 德尔塔菌株突变显示与CAP部位的非添加性 (表观性) 相互作用,而Omicron突变在很大程度上是添加性的.
- 奥米克龙突变与CAP部位发生表观相互作用,有助于抗体逃逸.
结论:
- 候选适应性多态体在SARS-CoV-2 S蛋白与 hACE2 的结合的全质调节中发挥着重要作用.
- 不同的SARS-CoV-2菌株具有不同的突变动态,对病毒进化和病原性有影响.
- 新型突变和现有的适应性位点之间的表观相互作用,特别是在Omicron中,是免疫逃避的关键机制.
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