解读印度不同气候地区近地表臭氧度,来源和过程的多时尺度动态
Chhabeel Kumar1, Ankit Tandon2,3
1School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh, 176215, India.
概括
印度近地表臭氧水平显示长期显著增加,受到季风和前体气体的影响. ERA-5数据准确地反映了地面测量,突出了区域趋势.
科学领域:
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 环境监测 环境监测
背景情况:
- 接近地表的臭氧 (850 hPa) 度是关键的空气质量指标.
- 了解臭氧的变化对于区域气候和健康评估至关重要.
- 印度多样化的气候次区域经历了独特的大气动态.
研究的目的:
- 调查导致印度近地表面臭氧季节性和长期变化的因素 (2003-2021).
- 与地面持续环境空气质量监测站 (CAAQMS) 的测量数据相比,验证ERA-5再分析数据.
- 确定印度不同地区对臭氧趋势的关键气候和前体影响.
主要方法:
- 对ERA-5和CAAQMS日常臭氧数据 (2019-2021) 的比较分析.
- 对印度气候次区域的长期 (2003-2021) 臭氧趋势的统计分析.
- 季节性主要成分分析 (PCA) 和主要成分回归 (PCR) 来确定臭氧变异的驱动因素.
主要成果:
- ERA-5数据显示与CAAQMS测量的时间一致性很好.
- 在大多数印度次区域观察到显著的积极的长期臭氧趋势 (每十年2-4%),在印度-河平原 (IGPs),南部和中部印度最强.
- 中部和南部印度的秋季和冬季季节性趋势 (每十年2-6%) 是积极的.
- 季风逆转显著影响臭氧结构;西南风稀释臭氧,而东北风增强它.
- 前体气体 (CH4,NO2) 和特定湿度 (SH) 驱动冬季臭氧,而边界层高度 (BLH),温度 (T) 和SH影响春季臭氧.
- 长期的臭氧增加与IGP和南部地区的前体度以及印度东北部和沿海地区的BLH,T和SH有关.
结论:
- ERA-5是一个可靠的数据集,用于研究印度近地表臭氧趋势.
- 季风动态在调节季节性臭氧度方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 前体气体和气候变量是区域臭氧变化和印度各地长期趋势的关键驱动因素.
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