在成年人一生中,单词生成中的异步行为和神经生理变化
Giulia Krethlow1, Raphaël Fargier2, Tanja Atanasova1
1Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Bd du Pont d'Arve 40, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|May 8, 2024
概括
词语产生中的神经生理变化开始于40岁左右,70岁以后观察到的行为衰退之前. 这表明,成年期中期的词汇语义重组支持持续的语言技能.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的语言变化通常通过比较年轻人和老年人来研究.
- 之前的研究表明,在文字生成方面,显著的行为和大脑变化发生在70岁后.
- 在成年期间,词语生成中的神经与行为变化的时间仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查词语生成中的神经生理变化是否与成年期的行为变化保持一致.
- 为了确定神经变化是否在语言生产中可观察到的行为下降之前.
- 检查词语生成过程中电生理学模式的与年龄相关的变化.
主要方法:
- 在图片命名任务中评估行为表现和电生理事件相关潜力 (ERP).
- 包括95名参与者,分五个成年年龄组 (16~80岁).
- 在特定时间窗口内 (150220 ms) 分析的ERP与词汇语义处理相关.
主要成果:
- 从70岁开始,文字生成中的行为表现显著下降.
- 显著的神经生理变化已经在40岁时被检测出来.
- 这些神经变化发生在与词汇语义过程相关的时间窗口中.
结论:
- 词语生成中的神经生理变化先于行为变化.
- 成年期中期的词汇语义重组可能有助于保持语言技能.
- 这突显了语言中神经衰老和行为衰老之间的分离.
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