[根据德尔菲法对中国人口健康长寿的定义进行探索]
1School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
概括
这项研究定义了中国90岁及以上个体的健康寿命,重点关注身体,精神,认知和社会福祉. 德尔菲法就中国人口健康老龄化的关键指标达成共识.
科学领域:
- 老年学和老年医学是老年学和老年医学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 定义健康的长寿对于理解和促进不同人群中成功的衰老至关重要.
- 以前的定义可能无法完全捕捉到中国文化和人口背景下的健康衰老的细微差别.
- 德尔菲方法提供了一种结构化的方法,以在复杂的健康定义上达成专家共识.
研究的目的:
- 建立一个基于共识的,针对中国人口的健康长寿定义.
- 确定中国老年人健康长寿的关键维度和指标.
主要方法:
- 进行了全面的文献审查和专家商,以确定相关的维度.
- 从2022年8月到12月,对老年保健专家进行了两轮的Delphi调查.
- 共识是由专家同意率 (单选最高,多选>70%) 和高响应率 (96%和79.17%) 定义的.
主要成果:
- 在九个关键问题上达成共识:年龄 (90岁以上),身体健康,代谢指标,心理健康,认知功能,功能能力,社交活动,自我评估健康和主观福祉.
- 健康的长寿被定义为90岁及以上的个体体有良好的身体,心理,认知功能,社会适应能力和主观福祉.
- 具体标准包括没有主要疾病 (中风,癌症,帕金森病),有控制的代谢指标,保持精神和认知功能,积极的社会参与和独立的日常生活活动.
结论:
- 通过使用德尔菲方法,为中国人口建立了健康长寿的强有力的定义.
- 这一定义为中国未来的研究,公共卫生干预和老年护理策略提供了框架.
- 这些发现强调了健康衰老的多维性质,包括身体,精神,功能和社会方面.
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