在SARS-CoV-2感染或人类连续接种疫苗后对mRNA疫苗接种的先天免疫反应的调节
Fredrika Hellgren1,2, Anja Rosdahl3,4, Rodrigo Arcoverde Cerveira1,2
1Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden & Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
之前的SARS-CoV-2感染增强了对mRNA疫苗的天生的免疫反应,在初始剂量后增加了炎症和免疫细胞活性. 这种由现有的免疫驱动的效应突显了先前感染如何塑造疫苗反应.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- mRNA疫苗对于预防传染病至关重要.
- 关于先前免疫或序列剂量如何影响mRNA疫苗的早期先天性免疫反应的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查之前的SARS-CoV-2感染和连续的mRNA疫苗接种对早期天生的免疫反应的影响.
- 探索先前存在的免疫记忆与疫苗诱导的先天免疫之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 健康的成年人,有或没有之前的SARS-CoV-2感染,接受了BNT162b2 / Comirnaty mRNA疫苗接种.
- 在接种疫苗后分析了促炎和I型IFN基因特征,血清细胞因子和单细胞群.
- 评估了体外细胞因子对TLR连接体和相关的先前存在的记忆标记物 (T细胞,抗体,B细胞) 的反应,并与先天反应相关联.
主要成果:
- 之前的感染在第一剂mRNA疫苗注射后显著放大了促炎和I型IFN基因特征,血清细胞因子和单细胞扩张.
- 第二次疫苗接种在两组中都提高了早期的先天性反应大小;第三次疫苗接种没有进一步增加炎症.
- 通过体外TLR连接体刺激,没有观察到训练免疫力的证据.
- 以前存在的抗原特异性CD4 T细胞,抗体和记忆B细胞与初次接种疫苗的早期天生的免疫反应相关.
结论:
- 预先存在的免疫力增加了mRNA疫苗诱导的先天免疫激活.
- 连续的mRNA疫苗接种增加了先天性免疫反应,第二剂后回报率下降.
- 这项研究提供了关于先前感染如何影响mRNA疫苗免疫性的机制性见解.
更多相关视频
10:39Intranasal Administration of Recombinant Influenza Vaccines in Chimeric Mouse Models to Study Mucosal Immunity
Published on: June 25, 2015
09:01An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
Published on: December 10, 2013
相关概念视频
Vaccinations
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Immunological Memory
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
Inflammatory Response
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
