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发现1,3,4-氧化衍生物作为广泛的抗寄生虫剂
Alexandra Ioana Corfu1, Nuno Santarem2,3, Sara Luelmo2,3
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy.
ACS infectious diseases
|May 8, 2024
概括
新的广谱抗寄生虫剂被开发用于对抗载体传播的寄生虫病 (VBPDs). 化合物24和27作为疟疾和莱什曼病等疾病的低毒性治疗方法具有前景.
科学领域:
- 药用化学 医学化学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 药物发现 药物发现 药物发现
背景情况:
- 媒介性寄生虫病 (VBPD) 如人类非洲三虫病 (HAT),莱什曼病和疟疾构成了全球健康的重大威胁.
- 气候变化可能会加剧VBPD的传播和负担.
- 迫切需要新型治疗药物来克服耐药性并扩大治疗选择.
研究的目的:
- 开发针对VBPD的广谱抗寄生剂.
- 为了确定对*Trypanosoma brucei*,*Leishmania* spp.和*Plasmodium falciparum*有效的新型化合物.
- 探索结构-活性关系,并评估潜在候选药物的安全性.
主要方法:
- 对一个复合物库进行查,以防 *Trypanosoma brucei*.
- 结构-活性关系 (SAR) 研究主要集中在一个1,3,4-oxadiazole衍生物上.
- 在体外对 *T. brucei*, *Leishmania* spp. 的疗效测试. (前列腺细胞和前列腺细胞) 和 *Plasmodium falciparum*.
- 对哺乳动物细胞 (THP-1) 的选择性评估.
- 早期的ADME毒性测定. 早期的ADME毒性测定.
主要成果:
- 确定了一种1,3,4-oxadiazole衍生物 (化合物19),作为一种抗*T. brucei*的药物,并预测了血脑屏障的透性.
- 通过SAR研究开发了强大的抗类和抗疟疾化合物27.
- 发现了一种泛活性抗寄生素分子24与低微分子活性对 *T. brucei* 和 *Leishmania* spp.,和纳米分子活性对 *P. falciparum*.
- 化合物24和27对寄生虫具有较高的选择性,而不是哺乳动物细胞.
- 早期的ADME毒性测定表明,24和27化合物的安全性概况有利.
结论:
- 基于1,3,4-oxadiazole支架的化合物24和27,是治疗VBPD的有希望的广谱,低毒性药物.
- 这些已识别的化合物为HAT,莱什曼病和疟疾等疾病提供了潜在的新疗法选择.
- 合成了一个化学探针 (化合物30),用于未来对T. brucei的机械学研究.
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