便微生物群移植:当前的挑战和未来的景观
Abbas Yadegar1, Haggai Bar-Yoseph2,3, Tanya Marie Monaghan4,5
1Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Clinical microbiology reviews
|May 8, 2024
概括
便微生物种移植 (FMT) 恢复了肠道微生物平衡,用于复发的Clostridioides difficile感染,并显示了炎症性肠道疾病和癌症的潜力. 研究探讨了它的机制,安全性和未来的治疗应用.
科学领域:
- 胃肠道学和微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物平衡对于健康至关重要,推动了对微生物组恢复疗法的兴趣.
- 便微生物种移植 (FMT) 是对复发性Clostridioides difficile感染 (rCDI) 的一种成熟的治疗方法.
- FMT的潜力扩展到炎症性肠病 (IBD),代谢综合征和癌症免疫疗法,尽管其复杂性质带来了挑战.
研究的目的:
- 审查FMT的临床应用,有效性,耐用性和安全性.
- 确定FMT在IBD中的机制,与rCDI形成对比.
- 讨论omics技术,监管问题以及未来基于微生物组的治疗方法.
主要方法:
- 在rCDI和IBD中对FMT进行人体研究的全面审查.
- 分析有关FMT程序和管理方面的数据.
- 检查omics技术 (元基因组学) 和生物信息学用于微生物群体的表征.
主要成果:
- FMT对rCDI有效,对IBD有希望,目前正在对其机制进行研究.
- 机制包括殖民抵抗,功能恢复,微生物组调节 (病毒组/菌组,代谢组) 和免疫调节.
- 还描述了FMT在儿科患者群体和癌症免疫治疗中的应用.
结论:
- FMT是肠道失调症的重要治疗策略,特别是rCDI,应用范围不断扩大.
- 了解FMT复杂的机制是优化其在IBD和其他疾病中的使用的关键.
- 未来的方向包括解决监管挑战,道德考虑,并通过药物微生物组学开发定制的微生物组治疗方法.
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