肠道微生物群对多发性硬化症风险和病变的调节:宿主遗传学,细菌代谢和饮食之间的复杂相互作用
Theresa L Montgomery1, Daniel Peipert1, Dimitry N Krementsov1
1Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
Immunological reviews
|May 8, 2024
概括
肠道微生物组和饮食与宿主基因相互作用,影响多发性硬化症 (MS) 风险和进展. 针对肠道微生物群的个性化干预措施,考虑到遗传学和饮食,可能有助于预防或治疗MS.
科学领域:
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
- 遗传流行病学遗传流行病学
背景情况:
- 多发性硬化症 (MS) 是中枢神经系统的慢性自身免疫性疾病,影响全球数百万人.
- 虽然遗传学对MS风险贡献了约30%,但环境因素,特别是肠道微生物群,在剩余的70%中起着重要作用.
- 之前的研究表明,与健康对照人群相比,MS (pwMS) 患者的肠道微生物群组成发生了变化.
研究的目的:
- 审查在MS病因和进展中将肠道微生物群,饮食和宿主遗传联系在一起的机制.
- 提出一个模型,其中饮食依赖的微生物代谢物改变了遗传敏感个体的MS风险.
- 要突出宿主基因与肠道微生物群相互作用的复杂性.
主要方法:
- 审查有关肠道微生物群,饮食,宿主遗传学和MS的现有文献.
- 专注于涉及短链脂肪酸和托代谢的机制.
- 对宿主基因与肠道微生物群相互作用的分析.
主要成果:
- 肠道微生物群和饮食协同作用,修改MS风险和进展.
- 饮食依赖的微生物代谢物是关键的调解者.
- 特定的微生物种群的影响可以根据宿主遗传变异而有所不同.
结论:
- 一个复杂的,个性化的模型解释了肠道微生物群在MS易感性和进展中的作用.
- 多发性硬化症的治疗策略必须考虑宿主遗传,基线微生物群和饮食投入.
- 对肠道微生物组的个性化调制具有预防和治疗多发性硬化症的潜力.
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