新兴的药物疗法用于治疗大麻使用障碍
Ahmad Shamabadi1, Razman Arabzadeh Bahri1, Hanie Karimi1
1Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
|May 8, 2024
概括
药物治疗对治疗大麻使用障碍 (CUD) 有希望,这种疾病影响了五分之一的使用者. 新兴的药物干预,当与心理治疗相结合时,为CUD管理提供了一个充满希望的未来.
科学领域:
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 大麻使用障碍 (CUD) 影响大约20%的大麻使用者,导致严重的精神病并发症和残疾.
- 目前针对CUD的基于证据的治疗方法的疗效有限,这凸显了对有效治疗的未满足的公共卫生需求.
- 慢性消化不良与精神疾病和自杀的风险增加有关,导致全球健康负担大幅增加.
研究的目的:
- 根据随机对照试验,审查用于大麻使用障碍 (CUD) 的新兴药理干预措施.
- 分析针对CUD所涉及的不同神经递质系统的各种候选药物的疗效和安全性.
- 探索药物治疗的潜力,作为CUD治疗中心理治疗的辅助.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查,评估CUD的药理干预措施.
- 对药物作用机制的分析,包括对大麻素,谷氨酸和其他神经递质系统的影响.
- 评估研究药物的安全性和耐受性概况.
主要成果:
- 几种药理学药物在治疗CUD方面比安慰剂表现出优越性,包括大麻素, gabapentin 和 naltrexone.
- 干预的目标是多个神经递质系统,如大麻素,谷氨酸和血清素通路.
- 据报道,所有审查的药物都是安全的,并被RCT参与者容忍得很好.
结论:
- 药物治疗,特别是与心理治疗相结合时,在个别情况下代表了CUD的最佳治疗策略.
- 重新定位和重新定位现有药物可能是开发新的CUD治疗方法的更具时间和成本效益的方法.
- 为了推进CUD药物治疗,需要进行进一步的严格研究,采用更大的样本大小和客观的结果措施.
相关概念视频
Drug Therapy
42
The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Antianxiety Medications
42
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids
231
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
231
CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids
187
CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
187
Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy
123
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
123
Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents
226
Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
226
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
467
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
467


