PM2.5成分对阻塞性通风功能障碍的相对贡献 - - 来自中国南部305,022名工人的大型通风功能检查的见解
Zhiqiang Li1, Ying Wang2, Wenjing Wu2
1Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, China; Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
Environment international
|May 8, 2024
概括
暴露于细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 显著增加了工人阻塞性呼吸功能障碍 (OVD) 的风险. 某些职业因素和人口统计学因素,如噪音和高温,加剧了这种风险.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
背景情况:
- 关于工作场所环境空气污染对健康的影响,特别是细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 对阻塞性通风功能障碍 (OVD) 的证据有限.
- 关于职业因素和粒子暴露之间的相互作用影响的研究很少.
- 这项研究通过在中国南部进行的大规模工人检查来解决这些差距.
研究的目的:
- 在一大批中国工人中调查PM2.5暴露及其成分与OVD风险之间的关联.
- 确定特定的职业因素和工人特征,这些因素会改变PM2.5-OVD关系.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及中国南部363788名工人的横截面研究 (2020年).
- 使用时空模型评估年平均PM2.5和组件度.
- 混合效应模型被用于评估OVD风险,结果按人口统计和职业因素分层.
主要成果:
- 在PM2.5暴露和增加的OVD风险之间发现了显著的关联 (每次IQR增加增加增加27.8%).
- 特定的PM2.5成分 (硫酸盐,酸盐,盐,有机物,黑碳) 也显示出与OVD的显著关联.
- 在女性,年轻工人,有24-45个月服务的工人,专业技能工人以及暴露于噪音,高温或较少尘埃的工人中观察到较高的风险.
结论:
- PM2.5及其组成部分与研究人员中较高的OVD风险有显著联系.
- 易受伤害的子组,包括具有特定职业暴露的子组,面临不成比例的更高风险.
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