用于预防和治疗普通感冒
Daryl Nault1, Taryn A Machingo2, Andrea G Shipper3
1Maryland University of Integrative Health, Laurel, MD, USA.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
|May 8, 2024
概括
补充剂在预防普通感冒方面几乎没有效果,但可能会缩短感冒的持续时间. 然而,用于治疗可能会增加不严重的不良事件,需要仔细考虑.
科学领域:
- 基于证据的医学是基于证据的医学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 常见感冒 (急性病毒性呼吸道疾病) 是一个常见的公共卫生问题,导致生产力下降.
- 没有经过验证的干预措施可以预防或缩短感冒的持续时间,尽管补充剂是常用的.
- 本综述评估了用于预防和治疗普通感冒的疗效和安全性.
研究的目的:
- 评估在预防和治疗普通感冒中的有效性.
- 评估补充剂对呼吸道感染的安全性.
- 综合来自随机对照试验 (RCT) 关于对感冒持续时间和症状严重性的影响的证据.
主要方法:
- 34项随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查和元分析,涉及8526名参与者 (儿童和成人).
- 在多个数据库 (CENTRAL,MEDLINE,Embase等) 进行了搜索. 在2023年6月之前.
- 使用Cochrane工具评估偏差风险和使用GRADE的证据确定性.
主要成果:
- 对预防感冒几乎没有影响 (低确定性证据).
- 补充剂可能会减少持续感冒的持续时间 (低确定性证据).
- 治疗观察到的非严重不良事件 (如恶心,味觉障碍) 的风险增加 (中等确定性证据).
结论:
- 补充剂在预防感冒方面似乎无效,但在减少感冒持续时间方面可能提供适度的益处.
- 不严重的不良事件的潜在增加需要谨慎考虑冷处理.
- 研究干预的变化和报告的局限性影响了关于对普通感冒疗效的最终结论.
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