使用边缘计算硬件控制混乱
Robert M Kent1, Wendson A S Barbosa1, Daniel J Gauthier2,3
1The Ohio State University, Department of Physics, 191 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Nature communications
|May 8, 2024
概括
下一代储计算创造了准确的,低功耗的数字双胞胎,用于控制嵌入式硬件上的混乱系统. 这种机器学习方法使边缘计算应用程序能够在没有云连接的情况下实现.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 控制系统工程 控制系统工程
- 嵌入式系统 嵌入式系统
背景情况:
- 数字双胞胎,即预测系统行为的数据驱动模型,对于自主系统控制等应用至关重要.
- 将数字双胞胎和控制器的尺寸,重量和功率 (SWaP) 降至最低,对于在资源有限的嵌入式硬件上部署至关重要.
- 边缘计算,在不依赖云计算的情况下在本地执行计算,需要用于嵌入式设备的高效算法.
研究的目的:
- 展示一种基于下一代储计算的新型非线性控制器,用于控制混乱系统.
- 评估在嵌入式计算硬件上部署该控制器的可行性,特别是现场可编程网关阵列 (FPGA).
- 为了评估边缘计算应用的储计算模型的功率效率.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个非线性控制器,利用下一代储计算原理.
- 在一个混乱的系统中实现并评估控制器的性能,针对任意的时间依赖状态.
- 在FPGA上测量模型的计算资源需求 (尺寸,重量) 和能源消耗 (功率).
主要成果:
- 基于水库计算的控制器准确地控制了一个混乱的系统到所需的依赖时间的状态.
- 开发的模型足够小,可以在典型的嵌入式设备 (如FPGA) 上进行评估.
- 该模型表现出了显著的能源效率,每次评估只需要25.0nJ,优于其他算法.
结论:
- 下一代储计算为复杂的控制任务创建准确且计算效率高的数字双胞胎提供了可行的解决方案.
- 开发的控制器可以部署在边缘设备上,使无需云连接的自主系统控制成为可能.
- 这项研究标志着在部署高效的机器学习算法方面取得了重大进展,为强大的嵌入式AI铺平了道路.
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