干预措施的有效性,以改变多个行为一次管理慢性疾病:一个系统性审查和元分析
Carolina C Silva1, Justin Presseau2,3,4, Zack van Allen2,4
1Trinity Centre for Practice and Healthcare Innovation (TCPHI), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
概括
同时针对多种健康行为是治疗慢性疾病的有效方法. 专注于几种行为的干预措施显示出积极的影响,除了戒烟.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生和卫生服务研究研究
- 行为医学是一种行为医学.
- 慢性疾病管理 慢性疾病管理
背景情况:
- 健康行为对于管理慢性疾病至关重要.
- 健康行为往往同时发生,这表明联合干预可能更有效.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析针对多种健康行为的干预措施的随机试验.
- 检查慢性病患者多种健康行为改变干预措施的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在2023年11月对五个数据库 (Web of Science,PubMed,CINAHL,EMBASE,Cochrane) 进行系统搜索.
- 包括针对慢性病患者的不止一个健康行为的随机试验.
- 使用Cochrane的偏差风险2工具提取数据和偏差风险评估;使用Cohen的d和风险比率进行的元分析.
主要成果:
- 包括61项研究,涵盖心血管疾病,2型糖尿病,高血压和癌症.
- 大多数干预措施同时针对多种行为,通常是体力活动,饮食和吸烟.
- 分析显示,大多数行为 (连续数据:d=0.081-2.003;二元数据:RR=1.026-2.247) 的积极影响,除了戒烟.
结论:
- 同时针对多种健康行为在慢性疾病管理中是有效的.
- 需要进一步的研究来推进多种行为改变干预的科学.
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