感知掠食风险对树 (Tachycineta bicolor) 巢的发育阶段相关的影响
Sabrina M McNew1,2, Conor C Taff1,2, Cedric Zimmer1
1Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Ecology
|May 9, 2024
概括
捕食风险会影响野生鸟类的,季节早期的压力会减少生长和生存. 社会环境的变化并没有改变这些对树的负面影响.
科学领域:
- 鸟类生态学 鸟类生态学
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 压力生理学 压力生理学
背景情况:
- 捕食风险是影响野生鸟类种群的重大环境压力因素.
- 社会互动可以调解压力反应,但它们与掠食风险的相互作用尚未研究.
- 树 (Tachicyneta bicolor) 为研究这些生态相互作用提供了一个模型系统.
研究的目的:
- 调查模拟掠食风险和社会环境操纵对树繁殖成功的综合影响.
- 确定社会互动是否影响掠食压力的生理和健康后果.
- 评估母亲压力对幼发育和生存的转移效应.
主要方法:
- 试验模拟掠食试图在两个田间季节内繁殖雌性树.
- 操纵女性羽毛颜色,这是一个关键的社会信号,与掠夺模拟同时进行.
- 测量巢质量,端粒长度,骨大小,以及新生的成功.
主要成果:
- 在巢期早期模拟的掠食性行为显著减少了巢质量和端粒长度,使新生的飞行成功率降低了50%以上.
- 捕食压力的时间是至关重要的;在化期间的模拟对化结果没有显著影响.
- 与假设相反,社会环境操纵 (羽毛颜色) 并没有改变对掠食压力的反应,尽管它根据原来的羽毛亮度影响了巢大小.
结论:
- 繁殖雌鸟的过渡性压力因素可能对巢的发展和生存产生显著的负面转移影响,特别是当它们发生在关键的巢阶段时.
- 由羽毛颜色操纵的社会环境并没有缓冲或加剧掠食压力对树的负面影响.
- 这些发现强调了在繁殖季节环境压力因素的时间对鸟类繁殖成功的重要性.
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