暴露于无处不在的军用飞机噪音污染对人口健康的影响
Giordano Jacuzzi1, Lauren M Kuehne2, Anne Harvey3
1School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, College of the Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. gioj@uw.edu.
概括
军用飞机噪音对公众健康构成重大风险,影响超过74,000人,有烦,睡眠障碍和学习迟缓的风险. 这项研究开发了一种工作流程,用于绘制噪音暴露的地图,并预测健康结果,为缓解策略提供信息.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 声学 声学 在声学方面
- 公共卫生风险评估公共卫生风险评估
背景情况:
- 与民用航空相比,军事飞机强烈噪音对健康的影响的研究有限.
- 增加的军事训练行动引发了公众健康问题,特别是在海军空军基地惠德比岛附近.
研究的目的:
- 评估与军用飞机噪音相关的公共卫生风险.
- 开发一个系统的工作流程,用于绘制噪声暴露的地图,并预测人口层面的健康结果.
主要方法:
- 整合了七年的声学监测数据与2020-2021年飞行运营数据.
- 利用国防部的噪音模拟模型生成噪音轮 (昼夜,夜间,24小时平均值).
- 应用已确定的值和暴露-反应关系来预测健康影响,如烦,睡眠障碍和学习延迟.
主要成果:
- 超过7.4万名个人被确定有风险的不良健康影响的飞机噪音暴露.
- 相当多的人经历了高度的烦和睡眠障碍.
- 几所学校暴露于噪音水平,可能导致儿童学习延迟.
结论:
- 量化了军事航空噪音对广泛的空间规模和人口健康负担.
- 开发了一种基于GIS的新工作流程,适用于各种环境噪声源的健康影响评估.
- 工作流提供了一个工具,用于告知有风险的社区,并指导降噪政策.
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