世界各地的禁忌语言:一项多实验室研究
Simone Sulpizio1,2, Fritz Günther3, Linda Badan4
1Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milan, Italy. simone.sulpizio@unimib.it.
Behavior research methods
|May 9, 2024
概括
禁忌词是普遍的语言行为,但它们的特征在不同文化中各不相同. 这项研究分析了13种语言的禁忌语言,揭示了像低价值和高兴奋这样的共同特征,以及跨国显著的差异.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 禁忌语言是一种具有重要心理和社会功能的通用语言行为.
- 现有的科学文献对禁忌语言的表征很差,跨越多种语言和群体的探索有限.
研究的目的:
- 在多个语言社区创建一个全面的禁忌词的数据库.
- 根据说话者的感知,从语义上描述禁忌词.
- 调查禁忌语言的跨文化变化.
主要方法:
- 研究1:从1046名参与者中收集了13种语言和17个国家的禁忌词.
- 研究2:对每个语言的455名参与者,对六个维度的禁忌词进行了评分.
- 使用跨国比较分析.
主要成果:
- 禁忌词普遍表现出极低的价值和高的兴奋.
- 禁忌词的书面频率在不同语言中始终非常低.
- 观察到在感知词语的禁忌性和冒犯性方面,跨国有显著的差异.
结论:
- 禁忌语言在全球范围内具有共同的核心心理特征 (低价值,高兴奋).
- 社会文化背景极大地影响了人们对禁忌词语的看法和使用.
- 未来的研究必须考虑到禁忌语言研究中的社区特定知识.
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