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相关概念视频

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

343
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
343
Language01:16

Language

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Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
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Social Proof

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Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
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The Scientific Method01:32

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The scientific method is a detailed, empirical problem-solving process used by biologists and other scientists. This iterative approach involves formulating a question based on observation, developing a testable potential explanation for the observation (called a hypothesis), making and testing predictions based on the hypothesis, and using the findings to create new hypotheses and predictions.
Generally, predictions are tested using carefully-designed experiments. Based on the outcome of these...
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Surveys02:16

Surveys

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Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
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Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
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Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Author Spotlight: Deciphering the Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of Gesture in Communication
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世界各地的禁忌语言:一项多实验室研究

Simone Sulpizio1,2, Fritz Günther3, Linda Badan4

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milan, Italy. simone.sulpizio@unimib.it.

Behavior research methods
|May 9, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

禁忌词是普遍的语言行为,但它们的特征在不同文化中各不相同. 这项研究分析了13种语言的禁忌语言,揭示了像低价值和高兴奋这样的共同特征,以及跨国显著的差异.

关键词:
最好的/最糟糕的缩放.情绪 情绪 情绪 情绪语义学 是一个语义学.发誓 发誓 发誓 发誓 发誓这些是禁忌词,是禁忌词.

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科学领域:

  • 语言学的语言学.
  • 心理学 心理学 心理学
  • 社会学 社会学 社会学

背景情况:

  • 禁忌语言是一种具有重要心理和社会功能的通用语言行为.
  • 现有的科学文献对禁忌语言的表征很差,跨越多种语言和群体的探索有限.

研究的目的:

  • 在多个语言社区创建一个全面的禁忌词的数据库.
  • 根据说话者的感知,从语义上描述禁忌词.
  • 调查禁忌语言的跨文化变化.

主要方法:

  • 研究1:从1046名参与者中收集了13种语言和17个国家的禁忌词.
  • 研究2:对每个语言的455名参与者,对六个维度的禁忌词进行了评分.
  • 使用跨国比较分析.

主要成果:

  • 禁忌词普遍表现出极低的价值和高的兴奋.
  • 禁忌词的书面频率在不同语言中始终非常低.
  • 观察到在感知词语的禁忌性和冒犯性方面,跨国有显著的差异.

结论:

  • 禁忌语言在全球范围内具有共同的核心心理特征 (低价值,高兴奋).
  • 社会文化背景极大地影响了人们对禁忌词语的看法和使用.
  • 未来的研究必须考虑到禁忌语言研究中的社区特定知识.