婴儿养:选择的具体考虑,父母的义务,和务实的满足
Clare Marie Moriarty1, Ben Davies2
1Philosophy Department, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Eire Ireland.
Ethical theory and moral practice : an international forum
|May 10, 2024
概括
父母可能没有道德义务专门母乳养婴儿. 这挑战了常见的健康建议,表明人们认为母乳养的义务可能是误解和潜在的有害.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 父母的义务 父母的义务
- 婴儿养实践 婴儿养实践
背景情况:
- 卫生机构广泛推为幼儿提供按需的纯母乳养.
- 一种普遍的观点认为,能够母乳养的父母有道德义务这样做.
- 哲学话语,尤其是菲奥娜·伍拉德的话语,质疑了这种父母义务的基础.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地检查与婴儿养有关的父母义务的哲学基础.
- 探讨对父母义务的温和观点,这些观点可能支持,但最终无法建立母乳养义务.
- 反对普遍的道德义务母乳养,并强调不母乳养在道德上是允许的,甚至是正确的情况.
主要方法:
- 对父母义务的现有论点进行哲学分析,包括最大限度的利益和避免伤害.
- 发展和批评"选择特定"义务,双重利益观点和最佳托管者观点.
- 与哲学概念"养育孩子的权利"的参与.
主要成果:
- 基于总体最大益处或避免伤害的论点并不确立母乳养的严格义务.
- 更温和的观点,如"选择特定"的义务,双重利益观点和最佳监护人的观点,也未能建立一个一致的义务,要求独家母乳养.
- 该研究得出的结论是,父母没有普遍的母乳养义务,不母乳养是道德上可以证明的.
结论:
- 当前的健康建议往往过于简化了父母对母乳养的道德义务.
- 假设有一个普遍的母乳养义务可能会误解父母的道德义务,并可能是有害的.
- 重新评估父母在婴儿养方面的义务对于更细致和支持性的方法至关重要.
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