二次体感和后岛皮层:用于对象捕捉和操纵运动的体运动中心
Hiroaki Ishida1,2, Laura Clara Grandi1, Luca Fornia1
1Department of Neuroscience, Unit of Physiology, Parma University, Parma, Italy.
Frontiers in integrative neuroscience
|May 10, 2024
概括
二次体感皮层 (SII) 和后岛皮层 (pIC) 对于手的操纵,处理运动和触摸至关重要. 这项研究揭示了它们在计划和执行对象抓取动作中的作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 身体感官系统 身体感官系统
- 灵长类动力控制器的主要动力控制器
背景情况:
- 众所周知,次要体感皮层 (SII) 和后岛皮层 (pIC) 负责处理体感信息.
- 它们在三维 (3D) 对象操纵中的特定作用在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查SII/pIC中神经活动在主动手动操纵物体时.
- 确定SII/pIC神经元在捕捉和物体相互作用的不同阶段的参与.
主要方法:
- 两只被训练以抓住和视觉固定在三个不同的物体 (圆,盘子,戒指).
- 在SII/pIC中,神经活动在任务执行期间被记录下来,区分了与任务相关的和被动刺激的反应.
主要成果:
- 在SII/pIC中的19.4%与任务相关的神经元在操纵过程中表现出活性,不对被动刺激做出反应.
- 神经元表现出不同的激发模式:接触前 (达到),接触后 (保持) 和持续活动.
- 一部分神经元 (24%) 显示出视觉运动反应,42%在运动开始前显示出与设置相关的活动.
结论:
- 在SII/pIC中体力运动集成对于所有捕获序列至关重要,包括伸手,抓住和操纵.
- 在对象操纵过程中,SII/pIC可能会在没有视觉输入的情况下也引导体运动注意力.
- 该SII/pIC功能作为一个体运动枢纽,支持基于触觉反的故意手动动作.
相关概念视频
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex
3.8K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
3.8K
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex
485
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
485
Somatosensation
36.6K
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
36.6K
Association Areas of the Cortex
5.3K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
5.3K
Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways
4.4K
Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
4.4K
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways
945
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
945


